Process for regulating initial strains in rolling structural material.



PROCESS OF REGULATING IHITZAL STRAINS IN ROLLING STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED HAY 26, 1908.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

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.ot the initial strains developed in rolled structural material during the process cross section are her parts of the member. To avoid this it is UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I ALBERT H. EMERY, OF.STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT I B OGESS 0F REGULATINGINITIAL STRAINS IN ROLLING STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

939,676. Sp a of Letters Patent. Patented Nov.9, 1909.

Application filed May 26, 1908. Serial No. 435,115.

To all'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT H. EMERY, a citizen of the United States, residing at use water or other cooling mediums Stamford, in the county of F airfield and 5' the members and State of Connecticut, have invented a cerparts as the work proceeds and even then We tain new and useful Process of Regulating i shall usually find so great difiterence of temlni tial 11mins in Rolling Structural Matepcratures of the thicker and thinner parts rial, 01 hich the following is a specifica- 5 that it rolled free from strains, strains will tion, reference being had to the accompanybe set up in the cooling so that it is better to in drawing, in ,which-, set up initial strains in the members during igures 1, 2 and 3 are transverse sectional the last part of the rolling by reducing the views of an I-beam, an H-beani and a chang thicker part proportionally more than we do nel-beam respectively, with figures showing the thinner parts, and this extra reduction their several dimensions 'and proportions, as will cause at the completion of the rolling commonly rolled by large American rolling compression in the thicker part mills. I in the thinner part of the member and these My invention has for its object the control trains being the reverse of those which would be produced by cooling, they may be made to largely neutralize each other, or if we choose we may even carry this process so far as to learc the cooled member with compression on the thicker part and tension 011 the thinner parts, it in any case such a con- 1 a uniform heat at time of last passbetween the rolls, but this is noteasy to do. We may of rolling and cooling and is especially applicable to forms where some of the parts of a much thicker than other parts. In rolling I-beams, angles and other flanged members, strains are set up by both dition were desired.

the rollin and the cooling. If the parts The cooling of the thicker part of the were roller of equal thickness, and all parts E metal by sprayii'ig or otherwise, as the work of the member of one temperature at the i proceeds, to bring the temperature down time the rolling was completed then the toward that of the thinner parts, before the strains would remain in kind and largely rolling is completed, has the effect, usually, in degree what they of causing the latter part of the rolling to were at the end of the lastpass between the rolls. But in most be done at a lower temperature than that at cases there is a large relative difference between the thickness of the thicker and thin- I ner parts of the memberand the thicker part is likely to be much hotter than the attention ispaid to this matter, and this rolling atthe. lower heat, makes the metal stronger and tougher than'it would be-if rolled at a higher heat. The excess of the reduction of the thicker parts over that of the thinner parts during the last pass, or during'the latter part of the rolling, may result from a certain reduction in the thicker parts with no reduction, at that time, in the thinner parts. or from a reduction of the of less degree in the thinner parts as will i give the desired excess of reduction in the large strains of comthicker.

parts under strains To'explain my invention morev in detail, of tension. In the case of' I-beams the I will refer to one of its numerous applica- 4 tions, to wit: the rolling of I-beams and particularly, heavily flanged I-bams see Fig. 1. These are best rolled by making use of one pair of horizontal rolls to form the web and innerfaces of the flanges, and a pair of rolls in the same plane, but Withyertical axes, to roll the outer faces of the flanges or heads of the beam, because such a system compression in the thindesirable to have all parts of the'member of and tension which it would otherwise be done when 110 I thicker parts, together with such a reduction of rolls facilitates setting up the Vertical rolls relatively to or independently of the setting up of the horizontal rolls, preparatory to the last pass of the beam between the rolls, or the latter partof the rolling operation for the purpose of reducing the heads or thicker portions of the beam, without reduction of the web, or with proportionately less reduction of the web.

Should the final rolling be accomplished by a pass between single pairs of rolls only, it would be more ditlicult to properly do the work, because the fixed form of the rolls for the final pass cannot be changed to suit the changing temperatures of the members, and consequently, it will be necessary to control the heat more closely, to bring about the desired result, than when using the system of rolls first mentioned, or else have several pairs of rolls or a series of slightly varying grooves in one pair of rolls through either of which sets of grooves the last pass may be made at will,the grooves used depending upon the relative temperatures of the thick and thin parts of the member being rolled.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of strains in rolled structural material which consists in developing by rolling, while rolling from a heated blank, strains that partly neutralize the strains that would otherwise be set up in the member when cooled and thus decrease injurious strains when the member is cooled,

2. The process of regulating the initial strains in rolled structural material which consists in developing during rolling, while rolling from a heated blank, strains of compression in the thicker part and tension in the thinner part so that said strains tend to counteract or avoid injurious strains when the member is cooled;

3. The process of regulating the initial strains in rolled structural material which consists in developing during rolling, while rolling from a heated blank, strains of c pression in the thicker part and tension the thinner part, of such magnitude at the completion of the rolling, .that said strains regulating the initial I largely neutralize the strains that I would otherwise result from unequal contraction in cooling.

4. The process of regulating initial strains in rolling structural materialfrom heated blanks which consists in regulating the rolling during the last pass between the rolls so that the percentage reduction of the thick art of the member is sufliciently greater than that of the thin part, as to cause, strains of compression in the thick part and tension in the thin part which strains will be partly or wholly relieved in cooling.

5. The process of regulating the initial strains in rolled structural material which consists in artificially cooling the thicker parts of the member while rolling, and in developing, in the final rolling, strains of compression in the. thicker part and tension in the thinner part so that said strains tend to counteract or avoid injurious strains when the member is cooled.

6. The process of regulating the initial strains in rolled structural material which consists in artificially cooling the thicker parts of the member while rolling, and in developing, in the final rolling, strains of compression in the thicker part and tension -in the thinner part, of such magnitude at the rolling, that said the completion of strains neutralize the strains that would otherwise result from unequal contraction in cooling.

7. The process of'regulating the .initial strains in rolled structural material which consists in artificially cooling the thicker part of the member and in regulating the rolling during the last pass between the rolls so that the percentage reduction of the thick part of the member is sufliciently greater I cause strains of compression in the thick part and tension in the thin part, which strains will be partly or wholly relieved in cooling. x

than that of the-thin part, as to- The foregoing specification signed at v Washington, District of Columbia, this 22nd day of May, 1908. v

' ALBERT. H. EMERY. In presence 013- HERVEY SaKNm i'r,

EDWIN S. GLAnKsoN. 

